Improved cupola-furnace



A. PEVY.

Cupola Furnace. 7 No. 50.623. Patented Oct. 24, 1865.

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UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE.

ABIEL PEVEY, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVED CUPOLA-FURNACE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent-.No. 50,623, dated October24, 1865.

To all whom it may concern:

Beitknown that I, ABIEL PEVEY, of Lowell, in the county of Middlesex andState ofMassachusetts, have invented an Improved Gupola for Melting Ironand I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exactdescription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,making part of this specification-- Figure 1 being a horizontal sectionof the furnace in a plane indicated by the line a: m, Fig. 2; Fig. 2, aside or front elevation there of; Fig. 3, a longitudinal verticalsection of the same in a plane indicated by the line y 3 Fig. 1; Fig. 4,a side-edge view of one of the tuyeres; Fig.5, a top view of the same.

Like letters designate corresponding parts in all of the figures.

The purpose of my invention is to produce a cupola-furnace of anyrequired capacity,and to supplya blast or air thereto equally, evenly,and sufficiently to all parts of the iron, so as to melt the most ironwith the least coal and in the shortest time, and produce a uniformquality of iron to the end of the heat. To obtain these ends it isnecessary that no portion of the interior of the furnace should bebeyond the reach of the free circulation of the blast, so that the widthof the interior of the furnace in practice can hardly exceed two feet,as experience teaches. With such a width, and myeres on both sides, thecenter of the furnace is only one foot from the mouth of a tuyere oneach side. Hence, with ordinary constructions, a limit to the capacityof the furnace is quickly reached, and no furnace much exceeding thetransverse dimensions above mentioned can be used to advantage. Again,to produce these results in a sure and perfect manner, the blast must bedistributed to all parts of the mass in the furnace evenly and uniformlyby a corresponding arrangement of tuyeres. Besides a uniformdistribution of the blast, itis alsonecessary to the same ends that theblastshallhave equal strength at all points.

The nature of my invention to effect these purposes consists inextending the furnace lengthwise, with straight parallel sides, ornearly so, to any length required for a given capacity, keeping thewidth within such dimensions as to enable the center to be thor oughlyreached by the blast; and in applying the blast, evenly balanced at bothends, along both sides the entire length of the furnace, or so as todistribute it uniformly and equally through the entire length thereof,but not at the ends of the furnace, which are plane surfaces at rightangles to the sides.

The stock J is supported bya suitable frame, A, of cast-iron, providedwith bracket-sup ports B B B, on which base-plates E F, the wind-chestO, and arched braces D D, which strengthen the top of the eupola,respectively rest. The bottom plate, F, directly supports the stock andits iron casing H,which is made of separate sections or staves bolted toa rim or flange of the plate. The casing is hooped with adjustable ironbands L Land the whole stock is bound at the top by a cap-plate, I. Thestock and easing are supported at the sides by cross-bars of iron, withsustainingledges over the apertures for the reception of the tuycres MM, which are attached to the under side of the wind-chest 0 each by asingle screw-bolt, U,passing down through both and secured bya nut. Thuseach tuyere is readily removable separately for repairing orreplacement, when necessary. These tuyeres are arranged along the wholelength ateach side of the furnace, so as to reach close to each end,leaving only.just enough space to be supplied by the equal expansion andspread of the blast. Each tuyere has, say, three or four air-passagesextending inward perpendicularly to the inner sides ofthe furnace, thusdistributing the blast evenly in each, and directing it straight inward.Its upper plate is made removable and adjustable, so as to allow it tobe set farther inward than the rest of the tuyere, and thus prevent theiron from flowing into the tuyere, and, being more exposed to intenseheat than the rest of the tuyere, it can thus be removed and replaced atpleasure, the other parts remaininggoodmuchlonger. These plates aresecured by clamp-hooks and wedges W W, Figs. 4 and 5, or by anequivalent device. There is a separate plate for each division of thetuyere. The bottom plates may be also adjustable and removable in likemanner.

The tuyeres have glass or mica windows in their outer ends, as shown inFig. 2, so that the state of melting in the furnace may be viewed at anytime.

This construction and arrangement of the w H r tuyeres enable the sidesof the furnace to be extended to any length, so as to produce thelargest capacity required, while the inside Width thereof remainsuniform, generally not exceeding twenty-four inches. The ends are squareacross, only rounded alittle at the corners, for convenience, and noblast is introduced through them, since entering at right angles to thewind entering through the side tuyeres such end blast would interferewith the even distribution of the blast byits crosscurrents.

To complete the structure for the indefinite extension of the sides ofthe furnace and the even distribution of the blast the air is suppliedto the wind-chest O (which goes around the entire furnace) through twopipes, P I, each provided with a valve, by which the quantity and forceof air through both may be equalized and balanced.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. A cupola having parallel sides and plane ends, the sides beingextended to the length required for any desired capacity of furnace, andthe blast being distributed uniformly along their whole length, but notat the ends, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

2. Supplying the air to the wind-chest of the tuyeres, through a pipe ateach end of the furnace, each provided with a valve, so as to insurethereby a balanced and uniform blast through all the tuyeres,for thepurpose herein set forth. 7

3. The construction and arrangement of the tuyeres, substantially as andfor the purposes herein specified.

ABIEL PEVEY.

\Vitnesses O. L. ANDERSON, WM. H. HARD.

